DETECTION METHOD WITH IVA cervical cancer (VISUAL INSPECTION WITH ACETIC ACID)
DEFINITIONS IVA
- VIA (visual inspection with acetic acid) is a simple way to detect cervical cancer as early as possible (Sukaca E. Bertiani, 2009)
- IVA is an examination of the cervix (cervical) by way of a direct view (with the naked eye) of the cervix after applying the cervix with acetic acid solution of 3-5% (Wijaya Delia, 2010).
- Report the results of the consultation WHO states that an IVA can detect pre-cancerous lesions (high-grade lesions Precanceraus) with a sensitivity of approximately 66-96% and a specificity of 64-98%. Meanwhile, positive predictive value (positive predective value) and negative predictive value (negative predective value) each between 10-20% and 92-97% (Wijaya Delia, 2010).
- Examination IVA is an examination of alternatives of pap smear screening because usually inexpensive, practical, very easy to implement and simple equipment and can be done by health workers other than doctors gynecology.
- In this examination, the examination is done by looking at the cervix which has been given a 3-5% acetic acid in inspekulo. After the reviews of the cervix with acetic acid, the color changes will occur in the cervix that can be observed directly and can be read as normal or abnormal. It takes one to two minutes to be able to see the changes in epithelial tissues.
- Cervical by 5% acetic acid solution will respond more quickly than a 3% solution. The effect will disappear approximately 50-60 seconds so that the acetic acid will be obtained results were normal cervical picture (homogeneous red) and white patches (dysplasia) (Novel S Sinta, et al, 2010).
PURPOSE IVA
- To reduce morbidity or mortality from the disease with early treatment of the cases were found. To find abnormalities that occur in the cervix.
BENEFITS IVA
- According to (Nugroho, 2010: 65) IVA advantages compared to other diagnostics tests are:
1. Easy, practical, capable like
2. implemented by all health workers
3. The tools required simple
4. Suitable for simple service center
IVA SCHEDULE
- Screening Program By WHO:
1. Screening every woman minimal 1X at the age of 35-40 years
2. If facilities allow to do every 10 years at the age of 35-55 years
3. If facilities are available more done every 5 years at age 35-55 years (Nugroho Typhoon, dr., 2010: 66)
4. Ideal and optimal inspection is done every three years for women aged 25-60 years.
5. Screening is done once in 10 years or once in a lifetime to have a significant impact.
6. In Indonesia, the suggestion to do an IVA if: a positive result (+) is 1 year and, if the result is negative (-) is 5 years.
FOLLOWING CONDITIONS TEST IVA
1. ever had sexual intercourse
2. Not having her monthly period / menstruation
3. Not being pregnant
4. 24 hours before having sexual relationships
SCREENING OF IVA
- To carry out the screening method of IVA, and the tool takes place as follows:
1. The room was covered, because patients were examined with the lithotomy position.
2. desk / bed check that allows the patient is in the lithotomy position.
3. There is a light source to view the cervix
4. Vaginal Speculum
5. Acetic acid (3-5%)
6. Swab-sticks berkapas
7. Gloves
HOW IVA
1. Before the examination, the patient will receive an explanation regarding the procedure to be executed. Privacy and comfort are very important in this examination
2.Pasien laid with the lithotomy position (lying down with knees bent and feet wide).
3. Vagina will be seen visually whether there is an abnormality with the help of adequate lighting.
4. The speculum (a tool pelebar) will be washed with warm water and inserted into the vagina of patients in a closed, then opened to see the cervix.
5. If there are many cervical secretions, sterile cotton used wet to absorb it.
6. Using a pipette or cotton, 3-5% acetic acid solution is dripped into the cervix. In approximately one minute, the reaction on the cervix can already be seen.
7. When the color of the cervix change into whitish, there are positive possibilities cancer. Acetic acid function lead to dehydration cells that make the clotting protein, so that cancer cells are high protein density change color to white.
8. If not, it was shown padadaerah white epithelial transformation shall mean the results are negative.
IVA CATEGORIES
- According to (Sukaca E. Bertiani, 2009) There are several categories that can be used, one of the categories that can be used are:
1. IVA negative = indicates normal cervix.
2. IVA with inflammation = Cervical inflammation (cervicitis), or other benign disorders (cervical polyps).
3. Positive IVA = discovered white patches (aceto white epithelium). This group is the target of the findings of cervical cancer screening method IVA because these findings lead to the diagnosis of cervical pre-cancers (dispalsia mild-moderate-severe or cervical cancer in situ).
4.-IVA cervical cancer = At this stage also, for reductions of finding stage cervical cancer, it will still be beneficial to a decrease in deaths from cervical cancer if found still in the early invasive stage (stage IB-IIA).
MANAGEMENT IVA
- Examination IVA done with a speculum direct view of the cervix which has been daubed with 3-5% acetic acid solution, if there is a change in color or do not appear white plaque, then the examination results declared negative. Conversely, if the cervix change color to red and white plaques arise, then tested positive for precancerous lesions or abnormalities.
- But if they stage lesions, treatment is fairly easy, can be directly treated with cryotherapy method or cold gas spraying of CO2 or N2 into the cervix. Sensivitasnya more than 90% and about 40% spesifitasinya with diagnosis method which only takes about two minutes, the precancerous lesions can be detected early. Thus, it can be addressed and did not progress to advanced cancer.
- Method of cryotherapy is to freeze precancerous lesions of the cervix are at very cold temperatures (with CO2) so that cells in that area die and shed, and will further grow new cells healthy (Samadi Priyanto. H 2010)
- If the results of the IVA test detected precancerous lesions, as seen from the changes in the cervix wall from pink to white, which means that changes in the new cells by infection occurred around epithelium. It can be turned off or removed by burning or frozen. Thus, cancer caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) it does so to grow and damage other organs.
PLACE OF SERVICE
- IVA can be done in the areas of health care and examinations that can perform inspection IVA including by:
1. Trained nurses
2. Midwives
3. General Practitioners
4. Physician Specialist Obgyn.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. Alimul Aziz. 2007. Midwifery Research Methods and Data Analysis Techniques. Jakarta: PT Rineka Reserved
2. Azwar. 2007. Human Behavior and Attitudes. Bandung: Alfabeta
3. Azwar. 2009. Human Attitude, Theory and Measurement. Yogyakarta: Student Library
4. Budiarto, Eko. Biostatistics 2002. For Medicine and Public Health. Jakarta: EGC
5. Febri. 2010. Reproductive Health. (Http://bidanshop.blogspot.com. Accessed 20 January 2011)
6. Melianti Mira. Skining 2011. Cervical Cancer Deang Visual Inspection Method with Acetic Acid (VIA) test. (Http://stikesdhb.ac.id/kebidanan/91-skrining-kanker-serviks.html. Accessed January 20, 2011 09:13 hours GMT)
7. Kartono. 2006. Human Behavior. Jakarta: EGC
8. Nasir. 2005. Research Methods. Bogor: Ghalia Indonesia
9. Nursalam. 2009. Concept and Application of Nursing Research Methodology. Jakarta: Salemba Medika
10. Notoatmodjo. 2003. The Public Health Sciences. Jakarta: PT Rineka Reserved
11. Notoatmodjo. 2005. Medical Research Methodology. Jakarta: Rineka Reserved
12. Notoatmodjo. 2003. Introduction to Behavior and Health Education. Jakarta: Rineka Reserved
13. Novel S.Sinta et al. 2010. Human Cervical Cancer and Infectious Pappilomavirus (HPV). Jakarta: Javamedia Network
14. Samadi Priyanto .h. 2010. Yes, I Know Everything abaut cervical cancer. Yogyakarta: Three Kelana
15. Saryono. 2010. Research Methodology Midwifery DIII, DIV, S1, S2. Yogyakarta: Nuha Medika
16. Sugiyono. 2006. Methods of Research Administration. Bandung: Alfabeta
17. Sukaca E. Bertiani. 2009. The Intelligent Facing cervical cancer (cervical). Yogyakarta: Genius Printika
18. Wijaya Delia. 2010. Killer Named Malignant Cervical Cancer. Yogyakarta: Morning Rays
mesothelioma,lung cancer,chemotherapy,american cancer society,cancer society,breast cancer research,renal cancer,bladder cancer treatmentmesothelioma lawyers,mesothelioma prognosis,mesothelioma diagnosis,mesothelioma attorney
Credit: Dr. Suparyanto, M.Kes
up here the article what is cervical cancer
up here the article what is cervical cancer This time, hopefully can give benefits to all of you. well, see you in posting other articles.
You are now reading the article what is cervical cancer with the link address http://mumetaa.blogspot.com/2016/08/detection-method-with-iva-cervical.html